Reasons to Build a Birdhouse, Among Other Things
There is an argument made by Ernest Becker in his unsettlingly lucid book The Denial of Death (1973) that has never stopped gnawing at the edges of modern self-understanding. Man’s greatest cruelties, he says, do not arise from his baser animal instincts, but from the earnestness of his attempt to transcend them — from the unbearable tension between his mortal flesh and his immortal imagination, from the struggle to superimpose the symbolic world onto the physical one. Man, Becker wrote, is “a god who shits”: a being forever caught between the extremes of divinity and decay. Between the body’s rot and the mind’s grandeur lies all of history’s blood and folly. The typical modern explanation for evil (greed, lust, power, rage, etc.) is too tidy. Becker’s diagnosis cuts deeper. In his view, it more often springs from aspiration: from man’s refusal to be merely what he is. The desire to live forever, if not biologically then symbolically, leads men and nations alike to mythologize themsel...